I'm very intrigued by the growing number of start-up automotive manufacturing companies. Over the last 5 years dozens of car companies have started in the US in abroad. I find this interesting because the auto industry is one of the most captial intensive, heavily regulated and complex businesses around. It is also a highly competitive industry dominated by a small number of global giants.
The main driver of this trend is a belief by entrepreneurs that the auto industry is not moving quickly enough to produce more environmentally friendly cars. Most of the new automotive start-ups are basing their business around improving gas mileage and/or reducing emissions. Most are building electric or hybrid vechicles.
The main enabler of this trend is it getting much easier and cheaper to build things. These start-ups are using a mix of outsourcing and low cost fabrication to build their cars. The New York Times recently had an article on automotive start-ups. Key quote on how one of the companies is using third party outsourcing:
"They have since signed contracts with some of the biggest names in the auto business, including California Motors, which specializes in propulsion systems; Swift Engineering, which builds suspensions and drivetrains; and the American subsidiary of a major European automaker (whom they have declined to name publicly) to design the car."
Bascially the start-up is acting as a system integrator, putting together an automobile from components supplied by larger, world class automotive suppliers. Because of this their capital requirements and fixed manufacturing costs are much lower. According to the article an automotive fabrication plant costs around $5 million verus more than $500 million for a traditional manufacturing facility.
While it is not clear these companies will be commercially successful, it is clear that small businesses are entering and competing in a growing number of industries - including industries that have traditionally been view as solely the domain of large, vertically integrated enterprises. We will be covering this trend in more detail in our next forecast report.